Ammonia fuel

Ammonia is emerging as one of the most promising zero-carbon fuels for the future of maritime transport. Composed of hydrogen and nitrogen, ammonia does not produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) during combustion, positioning it as a powerful tool in the effort to achieve net-zero emissions in the shipping industry.

When produced using renewable energy—so-called “green ammonia”—its lifecycle emissions can be nearly eliminated, making it a truly climate-neutral fuel. Ammonia can be stored and transported as a liquid under moderate pressure or at low temperatures, and it offers high energy density compared to other alternative fuels.

Despite its promise, the widespread adoption of ammonia as a marine fuel still faces challenges. These include the need for specialized engine technologies, safety measures due to its toxicity, and the development of robust global bunkering infrastructure. However, major shipping companies, engine manufacturers, and ports are actively investing in research, pilot projects, and partnerships to accelerate its commercialization.

As innovation progresses and regulatory pressure for decarbonization increases, ammonia stands out as a game-changing fuel with the potential to reshape the energy landscape of global shipping.